Turabian Style for Citing Sources

Here are selected examples from Kate L. Turabian's A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations (Sixth Edition), published by the University of Chicago.

Books
Journal Articles
Magazines
Newspapers
Government Documents
Electronic and Web Documents
 

Turabian describes two styles of citation. One is numbered footnotes or endnotes and a corresponding bibliography, the other is a parenthetical reference system, also called an author-date system, with references in parentheses in the paper such as (Jones 1997, 25) and an alphabetical list of references at the end. Both examples are given below, with the following notations: N= note (footnote or endnote), B= bibliography, PR= parenthetical reference, RL= reference list for the parenthetical references.
 
Book:
 

 
         2. Robert Lynd and Helen Lynd, Middletown: A Study in American culture (New York: Harcourt, Brace and World, 1929), 67. 
 

 
Lynd, Robert, and Helen Lynd. Middletown: A Study in American Culture. New York: 
          Harcourt, Brace and World, 1929. 
 
PR 
 
(Lynd and Lynd 1929, 67) 
 
RL 
 
 Lynd, Robert, and Helen Lynd. 1929. Middletown: A study in American culture. New 
          York: Harcourt, Brace and World. 
Article in a Journal:
 

 
          37. Richard Jackson, "Running Down the Up-Escalator: Regional Inequality in Papua New Guinea," Australian Geographer 14 (May 1979): 180. 
 

 
Jackson, Richard. "Running Down the Up-Escalator: Regional Inequality in Papua New 
          Guinea." Australian Geographer 14 (May 1979): 175-84. 
 
PR 
 
(Jackson 1979, 180) 
 
RL 
 
Jackson, Richard. 1979. Running down the up-escalator: Regional inequality in Papua New 
          Guinea. Australian Geographer 14 (May): 175-84.
 
Article in a Magazine:
 

 
          40. Bruce Weber, "The Myth Maker: The Creative Mind of Novelist E. L. Doctorow." New York Times Magazine, 20 October 1985, 42. 
 

 
Weber, Bruce. "The Myth Maker: The Creative Mind of Novelist E. L. Doctorow." New  
          York Times Magazine, 20 October 1985, 42 
 
PR 
 
(Weber 1985, 42) 
 
RL 
 
Weber, Bruce. 1985. The myth maker: The creative mind of novelist E. L. Doctorow." New  
          York Times Magazine,  20 October, 42. 
 
Newspaper Article:
 

 
          2. Michael Norman, "The Once-Simple Folk Tale Analyzed by Academe," New York 
Times, 5 March 1984, 15 (N).  [N stands for National Edition] 
 

 
Norman, Michael. "The Once-Simple Folk Tale Analyzed by Academe." New York Times
          5 March 1984, 15 (N). 
 
PR 
 
(Norman 1984, 15) 
 
RL 
 
Norman, Michael. 1984. The once-simple folk tale analyzed by academe." New York 
          Times, 5 March, 15 (N). 
 
Government Documents:
For information and examples of how to site documents from the United Nations, U.S. government, etc., see the chapter "Public Documents" (pp. 214-238) in Turabian.
 

Electronic and Web Documents  (for more examples see Turabian pp. 158-9):
These documents fall into two categories:

  1. Those that first appeared in print, then are reproduced in electronic format. This would include all full- text articles found on ProQuest, Lexis-Nexis, or other full-text databases.
  2. Those documents that do not refer to a print format, such as many pages original to the Web.
If an item appeared in print first, cite it as you would the print version, then add information needed to locate the electronic version. Example:
 

 
          14. David M. Shribman, "Clinton's Win Came at a Price," Boston Globe, 29 November 1996, city ed., A3, UMI-ProQuest Direct [database online] accessed 31 July 1998. 
 

 
Shribman, David M. "Clinton's Win Came at a Price." Boston Globe, 29 November 1996, 
          city ed., A3. UMI-ProQuest Direct [database online]. Accessed 31 July 1998. 
 
PR 
 
(Shribman 1996) 
 
RL 
 
Shribman, David M. 1996. "Clinton's win came at a price." Boston Globe, 29 November, 
          city ed., A3. UMI-ProQuest Direct [database online]. Accessed 31 July 1998. 
 
 

If an item is on the Web without reference to a print version, check the full page, any links to a home page, and the View/Page Info menu in order to determine the date and any author information or larger source for the document. Be sure to get the full URL in case it doesn't appear in full on the printout. If no author is given, begin with the title. Both of the examples below have no author.

(a) Example of a source within a larger work (like an article in a journal):
 

 
           12. "1996 Democratic National Platform as adopted by the Democratic National Convention," The Democratic Party Online. 1997. Available from http://www.democrats.org/party/convention/convplt.html; Internet; accessed 31 July 1998. 
 

 
 "1996 Democratic National Platform as adopted by the Democratic National Convention." 
          The Democratic Party Online. 1997. Available from 
          http://www.democrats.org/party/convention/convplt.html. Internet. Accessed 31 July 
          1998. 
PR 
 
(1996 Democratic National Platform) 
 
RL 
 
 "1996 Democratic National Platform as adopted by the Democratic National 
          Convention."1997. The Democratic Party Online. Available from 
          http://www.democrats.org/party/convention/convplt.html. Internet. Accessed 31 July 
          1998. 
 
 
(b) Example of a stand-alone source, not part of a larger work (like a book):
 

 
           15. Embassy of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Washington, DC. 17 July 1998. Available from http://www.bosnianembassy.org/; Internet; accessed 31 July 1998. 
 

 
Embassy of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Washington, DC. 17 July 1998. Available from 
          http://www.bosnianembassy.org/. Internet. Accessed 31 July 1998. 
 
PR 
 
(Embassy of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1998) 
 
RL 
 
Embassy of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Washington, DC. 17 July 1998. Available from 
          http://www.bosnianembassy.org/. Internet. Accessed 31 July 1998. 
 
 

For more examples, see the Turabian book itself: Call number: Ref LB 2369.T8 1966
NHD, August 1998

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